太陽神向日葵

太陽神向日葵學名Helianthus 'Sunrich Lime'，菊科向日葵屬一、二年至多年生草本植物，又稱石灰向日葵，園藝栽培種，高大草本植物，株高六十至三百公分，莖直立，粗壯，全株密生白色絨毛或糙硬毛，不分枝或偶上部分枝，單葉互生，葉心狀卵圓形、卵圓形、線形，端部急尖、漸尖，基部截狀、寬楔形，葉緣粗鋸齒至全緣，有時反捲，葉長五至十八公分，葉面綠至灰綠色，兩面被白色短糙毛、微粗糙毛或柔毛，掌狀基出三脈，次脈羽狀，細脈網狀，葉脈明顯，不具托葉，長葉柄至近無葉柄，兩性花、單性花，上位花，整齊花，頭狀花序，頭花圓盤狀，輻射排列，頂生，生於花莖端或枝端，頭花徑依品種而異，約五至三十公分，頭花單生或數枚排列為繖房花序狀，頭花會隨太陽而轉動，果熟時頭狀花會向下低垂，花托平或微凸狀，有半膜質托片，離生，宿存，托片全緣或具三齒，無托毛，總苞半球形、鐘形、圓柱形，苞片多層，常二、三輪，葉質，覆瓦狀排列，苞片卵形、卵狀披針形、線狀披針形，頂端銳尖、漸尖、尾狀漸尖，被長硬毛、纖毛或柔毛，外圍舌狀花是單性花或中性花，不結果，多數，一輪或多輪，通常約十二至二十枚，花萼退化，花冠舌形、長圓狀卵形、長圓形，開展，花金黃色，檐部全緣或二、三齒裂，裂片(花瓣)合生，中央心花是兩性花，花多數，會結果實，花萼冠毛狀，花冠管狀，花黃至黃棕色，有時泛淡綠色，上部呈鐘狀，檐部五裂，裂片披針形，裂片(花瓣)合生，雄蕊五枚，著生於花冠筒，花絲分離，花藥合生，花藥頂端具附屬物，合生筒狀，包圍花柱，雌蕊心皮一、二枚，合生，花柱細長，突出於花冠，二叉，分枝頂端具附屬物，被乳頭狀突起，柱頭二枚，子房下位，子房一室，基生(底生)胎座，瘦果，矩卵形、橢圓形、倒卵形、卵狀長圓形，長約十至十五公釐，呈截形，稍扁壓，灰、黑色，有細肋，光滑或被白色短柔毛，上端有膜片狀冠毛，二枚，早落，冠毛常具二至四枚短芒，種子一枚。

向日葵學名Helianthus L.、Harpalium (Cass.) Cass.，英文名Sunflower，菊科向日葵屬一、二年至多年生草本植物，又稱太陽花、葵花、迎陽花、朝陽花、日頭花、秘魯黃金花、丈菊、一丈菊、艾菊、望日葵、望日蓮、日車、日輪草、白葵子、天葵子，原產於中美洲、秘魯，有數品種，高大草本植物，株高二十至三百公分，莖直立，粗壯，全株密生白色絨毛或糙硬毛，不分枝或偶上部分枝，單葉互生，葉心狀卵圓形、卵圓形、線形，端部急尖、漸尖，基部截狀、寬楔形，葉緣粗鋸齒至全緣，有時反捲，葉長五至十八公分，葉面綠至灰綠色，兩面被白色短糙毛、微粗糙毛或柔毛，掌狀基出三脈，次脈羽狀，細脈網狀，葉脈明顯，不具托葉，長葉柄至近無葉柄，兩性花、單性花，上位花，整齊花，頭狀花序，頭花圓盤狀，輻射排列，頂生，生於花莖端或枝端，頭花徑依品種而異，約五至三十公分，頭花單生或數枚排列為繖房花序狀，頭花會隨太陽而轉動，果熟時頭狀花會向下低垂，花托平或微凸狀，有半膜質托片，離生，宿存，托片全緣或具三齒，無托毛，總苞半球形、鐘形、圓柱形，苞片多層，常二、三輪，葉質，覆瓦狀排列，苞片卵形、卵狀披針形、線狀披針形，頂端銳尖、漸尖、尾狀漸尖，被長硬毛、纖毛或柔毛，外圍舌狀花是單性花或中性花，不結果，多數，一輪或多輪，通常約十二至二十枚，花萼退化，花冠舌形、長圓狀卵形、長圓形，開展，花黃、亮黃、金黃、橙黃、橘、深紅、銅紅、白...等色，或鑲邊、雙色、複色，通常是黃色系，檐部全緣或二、三齒裂，裂片(花瓣)合生，中央心花是兩性花，花多數，會結果實，花萼冠毛狀，花冠管狀，花黃、金黃、淺綠、黃棕、紅棕、棕、紫、紫黑...等色，上部呈鐘狀，檐部五裂，裂片披針形，裂片(花瓣)合生，雄蕊五枚，著生於花冠筒，花絲分離，花藥合生，花藥頂端具附屬物，合生筒狀，包圍花柱，雌蕊心皮一、二枚，合生，花柱細長，突出於花冠，二叉，分枝頂端具附屬物，被乳頭狀突起，柱頭二枚，子房下位，子房一室，基生(底生)胎座，瘦果，矩卵形、橢圓形、倒卵形、卵狀長圓形，長約十至十五公釐，呈截形，稍扁壓，灰、黑色，有細肋，光滑或被白色短柔毛，上端有膜片狀冠毛，二枚，早落，冠毛常具二至四枚短芒，種子一枚。

向日葵(Helianthus)屬常見之品種有：

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Helianthus agrestis

Helianthus angustifolia

Helianthus angustifolius(狹葉向日葵)

Helianthus annuus(紫斑向日葵、狹葉向日葵)

Helianthus anomalus

Helianthus argophyllus(絹毛葵)

Helianthus arizonensis

Helianthus atrorubens(黑紫向日葵)

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Helianthus bolanderi

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Helianthus californicus

Helianthus carnosus

Helianthus ciliaris(藍莖向日葵)

Helianthus cinereus

Helianthus couplandii

Helianthus cucumerifolius(瓜葉葵)

Helianthus cusickii

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Helianthus debilis(瓜葉向日葵、小花葵、小向日葵)

Helianthus debilis ssp. cucumerifolius(瓜葉葵)

Helianthus debilis ssp. debilis

Helianthus debilis ssp. silvestris

Helianthus debilis ssp. tardiflorus

Helianthus debilis ssp. vestitus

Helianthus decapetalus(千瓣葵)

Helianthus deserticola

Helianthus divaricatus

helianthus divaricatus

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Helianthus eggertii

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Helianthus floridanus

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Helianthus giganteus(高葵花)

Helianthus glaucophyllus

Helianthus gracilentus

Helianthus grosseserratus(鋸齒葉向日葵)

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Helianthus heterophyllus

Helianthus hirsutus(多毛向日葵)

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Helianthus laciniatus

Helianthus laetiflorus(美麗向日葵)

Helianthus laevigatus

Helianthus longifolius

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Helianthus maximiliani(糙葉向日葵)

Helianthus maximilianii(糙葉向日葵)

Helianthus microcephalus(小戶主向日葵)

Helianthus mollis(毛葉向日葵)

Helianthus multiflorus(多花向日葵)

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Helianthus neglectus

Helianthus niveus

Helianthus niveus ssp. canescens

Helianthus niveus ssp. tephrodes

Helianthus nuttallii

Helianthus nuttallii ssp. nuttallii

Helianthus nuttallii ssp. parishii

Helianthus nuttallii ssp. Rydbergii

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Helianthus occidentalis(向日葵薊馬、西方向日葵)

Helianthus occidentalis ssp. occidentalis

Helianthus occidentalis ssp. plantagineus

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Helianthus paradoxus : Paradox Sunflower

Helianthus pauciflorus

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. pauciflorus

Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus

Helianthus petiolaris ssp. fallax

Helianthus petiolaris ssp. petiolaris

Helianthus petiolaris(原野向日葵)

Helianthus porteri

Helianthus praecox

Helianthus praecox ssp. hirtus

Helianthus praecox ssp. praecox

Helianthus praecox ssp. runyonii

Helianthus praetermissus

Helianthus pumilus

Helianthus pumilus(小向日葵)

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Helianthus radula

Helianthus resinosus

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Helianthus salicifolius(柳葉向日葵)

Helianthus schweinitzii

Helianthus silphioides

Helianthus simulans

Helianthus simulans

Helianthus smithii

Helianthus strumosus

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Helianthus tuberosus(菊芋、洋薑、鬼子薑)

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向日葵(Helianthus)屬常見之園藝品種有：

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Helianthus 'American Giant'

Helianthus 'Apricot Twist'

Helianthus 'Arikara'

Helianthus 'Aurora Gold'

Helianthus 'Autumn Beauty'

Helianthus 'Autumn Giant'(巨秋)

Helianthus 'Autumn Time'

Helianthus 'Aztec Gold'

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Helianthus 'Bashful'

Helianthus 'Bicentenary'

Helianthus 'Big Bear'

Helianthus 'Big Blush'

Helianthus 'Big Smile'(大笑、歡笑)

Helianthus 'Bismarkianus'

Helianthus 'Buttercream'

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Helianthus 'Californian Giant'

Helianthus 'Cappuccino'

Helianthus 'Cherry Rose'

Helianthus 'Chianti'

Helianthus 'Choco Sun'(太陽)

Helianthus 'Chocolat'

Helianthus 'Citrus'

Helianthus 'Claret'

Helianthus 'Cyclops'

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Helianthus 'Dafna'

Helianthus 'Domino'

Helianthus 'Double Dandy'

Helianthus 'Double Quick Orange'

Helianthus 'Double Shine'

Helianthus 'Dune Supreme'

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Helianthus 'Early Russian'

Helianthus 'Earthwalker'

Helianthus 'Ebony & Gold'

Helianthus 'Evening Colors'

Helianthus 'Evening Sun'

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Helianthus 'Firecracker'

Helianthus 'Florenza'

Helianthus 'Floristan'

Helianthus 'Frilly'

Helianthus 'Full Sun Improved'

Helianthus 'Fun 'n Sun Hybrid Mix'

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Helianthus 'Garden Statement'

Helianthus 'Gelber Diskus'

Helianthus 'Giant Primrose'

Helianthus 'Giant Sungold'

Helianthus 'Gloriosa Polyheaded'

Helianthus 'Goldburst'

Helianthus 'Golden Cheer'

Helianthus 'Golden Hedge'

Helianthus 'Goldy'

Helianthus 'Goldy Double'

Helianthus 'Green Heart'

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Helianthus 'Hallo'

Helianthus 'Happy Face'

Helianthus 'Harlequin'

Helianthus 'Helios Flame'(太陽神火焰)

Helianthus 'Henry Wilde'

Helianthus 'Holiday'(節日)

Helianthus 'Honey Bear'

Helianthus 'Hungarian Black Seeded'

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Helianthus 'Ikarus'

Helianthus 'Incredible'

Helianthus 'Infrared Mix'

Helianthus 'Italian White'(義大利白)

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Helianthus 'Jade'

Helianthus 'Jerusalem Gold'

Helianthus 'Jerusalem Sunrise Lemon'

Helianthus 'Junior'

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Helianthus 'Kid Stuff'

Helianthus 'Kong'

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Helianthus 'Large Seeded Tall'

Helianthus 'Lemon Chiffon'

Helianthus 'Lemon Eclair'

Helianthus 'Lemon Queen'

Helianthus 'Lemon Sorbet'

Helianthus 'Little Becca'

Helianthus 'Little Dorrit'

Helianthus 'Loddon Gold'(金色洛唐)

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Helianthus 'Magic Roundabout'

Helianthus 'Mammoth'

Helianthus 'Mammoth Grey Stripe'

Helianthus 'Maya'

Helianthus 'Monet's Palette'

Helianthus 'Mongolian Giant'

Helianthus 'Monster'

Helianthus 'Moonbright'

Helianthus 'Moonshadow'

Helianthus 'Moonshine'

Helianthus 'Moonwalker'

Helianthus 'Moulin Rouge'

Helianthus 'Music Box'(音樂盒)

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Helianthus 'Oilseed Sunflower'

Helianthus 'Orange Sun'(橙陽)

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Helianthus 'Pacino'

Helianthus 'Pacino Gold'

Helianthus 'Pacino Lemon'

Helianthus 'Pacino Yellow'(黃強壯)

Helianthus 'Pan'

Helianthus 'Pastiche'

Helianthus 'Peach Passion'

Helianthus 'Prado Gold'

Helianthus 'Prado Red'

Helianthus 'Premium Orange'

Helianthus 'Premium Yellow'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Bicolor'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Brilliance'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Gold'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Lemon'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Orange'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Peach'(桃子)

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Red'

Helianthus 'Pro Cut Yellow Lite'

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Helianthus 'Razzmatazz'

Helianthus 'Red Fuseau'

Helianthus 'Red Sun'

Helianthus 'Ring Of Fire'

Helianthus 'Rostov'

Helianthus 'Ruby Eclipse'

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Helianthus 'Shine'

Helianthus 'Skyscraper'

Helianthus 'Solar Chocolate Gold'

Helianthus 'Solar Eclipse'

Helianthus 'Solita'

Helianthus 'Sonja'

Helianthus 'Soraya'

Helianthus 'Sparky'

Helianthus 'Starburst Aura'

Helianthus 'Starburst Lemon Aura'

Helianthus 'Starburst Panache'

Helianthus 'Stella Gold'

Helianthus 'Strawberry Blonde'

Helianthus 'Summer Evening'

Helianthus 'Sun 312'

Helianthus 'Sunbeam'

Helianthus 'Sunbright'(陽光)

Helianthus 'Sunbright Kids'

Helianthus 'Sunbright Supreme'

Helianthus 'Sundance Kid'

Helianthus 'Sundown'

Helianthus 'Sundrops'

Helianthus 'Sunny'

Helianthus 'Sunny Babe'

Helianthus 'Sunny Smile'

Helianthus 'Sunrich Gold'

Helianthus 'Sunrich Lemon'

Helianthus 'Sunrich Lemon Summer'

Helianthus 'Sunrich Lime'(太陽神、石灰)

Helianthus 'Sunrich Orange'

Helianthus 'Sunrich Orange Summer'

Helianthus 'Sunrise'

Helianthus 'Sunseed'

Helianthus 'Sunshine'

Helianthus 'Sunspot'(太陽斑)

Helianthus 'Sunspots'

Helianthus 'Sunzilla'

Helianthus 'Superior Sunset'

Helianthus 'Supermane'

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Helianthus 'Taiyo'

Helianthus 'Tarahumara'

Helianthus 'Teddy Bear'(玩具熊)

Helianthus 'Teddybear Golden Yellow'(金色小熊)

Helianthus 'Terra Cotta'

Helianthus 'The Bees Knees'

Helianthus 'The Joker'

Helianthus 'Tiffany'

Helianthus 'Titan'

Helianthus 'Tohoku Yae'

Helianthus 'Topolino'

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Helianthus 'Valentine'

Helianthus 'Van Gogh Mix'

Helianthus 'Vanilla Ice'

Helianthus 'Variation'

Helianthus 'Velvet Queen'

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Helianthus 'Waooh'

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Helianthus 'Yellow Pygmy'

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Helianthus 'Zohar'

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Helianthus '?'(567dw)

Helianthus '?'(665)

Helianthus '?'(765c)

Helianthus '?'(大雪山)

Helianthus '?'(天鵝絨女王)

Helianthus '?'(日光檸檬)：小花種

Helianthus '?'(月光)

Helianthus '?'(月光明亮)

Helianthus '?'(火星)

Helianthus '?'(火環)

Helianthus '?'(可可)：紅色品種

Helianthus '?'(巨無霸)

Helianthus '?'(光輝)

Helianthus '?'(芭奇多)

Helianthus '?'(金星1號)

Helianthus '?'(金陽)

Helianthus '?'(金熊)

Helianthus '?'(星暴光環)

Helianthus '?'(流星雨)：淺黃綠心半重瓣

Helianthus '?'(紅磨坊)

Helianthus '?'(重瓣太陽)：重瓣

Helianthus '?'(香吉士)

Helianthus '?'(夏紅)

Helianthus '?'(晉葵9號)

Helianthus '?'(泰坦)

Helianthus '?'(草莓金發)

Helianthus '?'(情人節)

Helianthus '?'(晚上太陽)

Helianthus '?'(莉琪)

Helianthus '?'(莫內)

Helianthus '?'(華麗)

Helianthus '?'(陽光光束)

Helianthus '?'(陽光明亮)

Helianthus '?'(黑心)

Helianthus '?'(意大利白色)

Helianthus '?'(精靈)

Helianthus '?'(遼喧雜1號)

Helianthus '?'(龍食葵2號)

Helianthus '?'(豔陽)

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Helianthus × laetiflorus(美麗向日葵)(雜交)

Helianthus × multiflorus(千瓣葵、矮生葵花)(雜交)

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