宿根滿天星

宿根滿天星學名Gypsophila paniculata L.，英文名Common gypsophila、Baby's breath，石竹科滿天星(霞草、絲石竹、石頭花)屬多年生草本植物，又稱大花滿天星、滿天星、錐花絲石竹、圓錐花絲石竹、絲石竹、圓錐石頭花、錐花霞草，原產於中東歐、俄羅斯、中國、蒙古、北美洲，多園藝栽培種，如：'Bristol Fairy'、'Compacta Plena'、'Double Snowflake'、'Early Snowball'、'Festival Pink'、'Festival Star'、'Festival White'、'Happy Festival'、'Million Stars'、'My Pink'、'Pink Fairy'、'Pink Star'、'Snowflake'、'Viette's Dwarf'、'Yukinko Crystal'...等，株高三十至一百公分，根粗壯，莖單生，稀叢生，直立，多分枝，擴生多分枝達頂冠，無毛或近基部粗糙或下部被短柔腺毛，單葉對生，葉披針形、線狀披針形、長橢圓披針形，端部尖至漸尖，基部漸狹，基部不抱莖，全緣葉，葉長二至九公分，寬二至十公釐，葉面綠至灰綠色，有白霜，掌狀脈，似平行脈狀，中脈較明顯些，無托葉，無葉柄，兩性花，整齊花，聚繖花序，再排列成圓錐花序狀，頂生或腋生，多分枝，疏散開展狀，花小而多，花梗纖細，長一至二十公釐，無毛，苞片三角形，急尖，花萼寬鐘形，長一、二公釐，具紫色寬脈，萼齒卵形，圓鈍，邊緣白色，膜質，花冠幅形，寬約一至三公分，花白色或淡紅色，稀淺紫粉紅色，花瓣數枚，匙形，長約一至四公釐，寬約一公釐，頂端平截或圓鈍，無毛，雄蕊約花瓣數二倍，與花瓣等長或稍長，花絲扁線形，與花瓣近等長，花藥二室，縱裂，花藥圓形，雌蕊心皮二至五枚，合生，花柱短或細長狀，子房卵球形，直徑約一公釐，子房上位，子房一室，中央胎座，胚珠一至數枚，蒴果，球形，稍長於宿存萼，熟時四瓣裂，種子小，徑約一公釐，圓形，紅褐色，種皮具整齊之鈍疣狀凸起(粗瘤)。

滿天星(Gypsophila)屬常見之品種有：
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Gypsophila acutifolia(尖葉石頭花)
Gypsophila altissima(高石頭花)
Gypsophila aretioides(白花滿天星)
Gypsophila arrostii
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Gypsophila bicolor
Gypsophila bungeana
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Gypsophila capituliflora(頭狀石頭花)
Gypsophila cephalotes(膜苞石頭花)
Gypsophila cerastioides(花鼠耳滿天星、照鼠耳滿天星、卷耳狀石頭花)
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Gypsophila davurica(草原石頭花)
Gypsophila desertorum(荒漠石頭花)
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Gypsophila elegans(縷絲花、線狀花瞿麥)
Gypsophila elegans 'Carminea'
Gypsophila elegans 'Covent Garden'
Gypsophila elegans 'Garden Bride Pink'
Gypsophila elegans 'Giant White'
Gypsophila elegans 'Snow Fountain'
Gypsophila elegans 'White Elephant'
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Gypsophila fastigiata(沙生帚絲生竹)
Gypsophila fastigiata 'Silverstar'
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Gypsophila huashanensis(華山石頭竹)
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Gypsophila licentiana(細葉石頭花)
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Gypsophila muralis(細小石頭花)
Gypsophila muralis 'Garden Bride'
Gypsophila muralis 'Gypsy Deep Rose'
Gypsophila muralis 'Gypsy Rose'
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Gypsophila nana
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Gypsophila oldhamiana(長蕊石頭花)
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Gypsophila pacifica(大葉石頭花)
Gypsophila paniculata(宿根滿天星、大花滿天星、錐花絲石竹、圓錐花絲石竹、錐花霞草)
Gypsophila paniculata 'Bristol Fairy'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Compacta Plena'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Double Snowflake'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Early Snowball'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Festival Pink'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Festival Star'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Festival White'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Happy Festival'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Million Stars'
Gypsophila paniculata 'My Pink'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Pink Fairy'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Pink Star'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Snowflake'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Viette's Dwarf'
Gypsophila paniculata 'Yukinko Crystal'
Gypsophila patrinii(紫萼石頭花)
Gypsophila perfoliata(鈍葉石頭花)
Gypsophila petraea
Gypsophila pilosa
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Gypsophila repens(蔓枝滿天星、霞草)
Gypsophila repens 'Alba'
Gypsophila repens 'Red Neck'
Gypsophila repens 'Rosa'
Gypsophila repens 'Rosa Schoenheit'
Gypsophila repens 'Rose Beauty'
Gypsophila rokejeka
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Gypsophila scorzonerifolia
Gypsophila sericea(絹毛石頭花)
Gypsophila silenoides
Gypsophila spinosa(刺序石頭花)
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Gypsophila tenuifolia
Gypsophila tschiliensis(河北石頭花)
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Gypsophila violacea
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Gypsophila 'Ivory curls'
Gypsophila 'Perfecta'
Gypsophila 'Summer Sparkles'
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