粉花長穗木

粉花長穗木學名Stachytarpheta mutabilis var. mutabilis，英文名Pink False Vervain，馬鞭草科長穗木(假馬鞭、木馬鞭、馬鞭)屬多年生常綠亞灌木或草本植物，又稱粉紅色蛇草、粉蛇草、粉鼠尾草、粉紅色鼠尾草，原產於墨西哥，是Stachytarpheta mutabilis之原變種，Stachytarpheta mutabilis稱之紅色蛇草、紅蛇草、珊瑚波特草、紅花假馬鞭草、紅花假馬鞭、多變絨漿果，株高約一、二公尺，莖基部稍木質化，不具分枝或二歧狀分枝，伸展，莖多呈四方形，無毛或略被毛，單葉對生，葉菱狀卵形、卵形、橢圓狀卵形，端部尖狀、銳尖，基部楔狀、寬楔形，略歪斜，葉緣鋸齒，葉長約三至九公分，寬約一至五公分，紙質、厚紙質，葉綠色，有光澤，葉背帶淡綠色，羽狀脈，葉脈明顯，於表面凹入而於背面隆起，表面皺摺，側脈每邊約三至六條，細脈明顯，無托葉，葉柄長七至十公釐，兩性花，不整齊花，穗狀花序，頂生，花序軸細長，圓形，肥大，粗壯感，伸長狀，直立，由底部往上開花，花單生於花序軸苞腋內，一半嵌生於花序軸之凹穴中，無花梗，苞片鑿形、卵狀披針形，頂端漸尖呈芒狀，具乾膜質邊緣，具緣毛，花萼狹筒形、管狀，壓扁，膜質，管壁薄，先端四齒裂，不規則，呈三角形，外具四肋(四稜角)，先端銳尖，花萼宿存，花冠高腳碟狀、闊漏斗形、盆形，兩側對稱，花粉紅色，花冠管圓筒狀，纖細，略彎曲，內面上部有腺毛，先端五裂，不齊，上裂片二枚略大，圓形，下裂片三枚略小，裂片卵形、寬橢圓形，先端鈍，發育雄蕊二枚，前方，著生於花冠管中部(花喉處)，內藏，不伸出於外，花絲離生，花藥闊卵形，二室，縱裂，退化雄蕊二枚，雌蕊心皮二枚，合生，花柱細長，內藏，凸狀，不挺出花冠外，柱頭闊，子房平滑，子房上位，子房二室，中軸胎座，每室具胚珠一枚，蒴果，長橢圓形，膜質宿存花萼包被，埋於花軸，熟時二瓣裂，分裂為二枚分果，種子二枚，每瓣一枚，種子緊貼果皮。

長穗木(Stachytarpheta)屬常見之品種有：
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Stachytarpheta acuminata
Stachytarpheta ajugifolia
Stachytarpheta alata
Stachytarpheta albiflora
Stachytarpheta almasensis
Stachytarpheta amplexicaulis
Stachytarpheta andersonii
Stachytarpheta angolensis
Stachytarpheta arenaria
Stachytarpheta atriflora
Stachytarpheta australi(南假馬鞭)
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Stachytarpheta bicolor
Stachytarpheta boldinghii
Stachytarpheta brasiliensis
Stachytarpheta bromleyana
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Stachytarpheta caatingensis
Stachytarpheta cajamarcensis
Stachytarpheta calderonii
Stachytarpheta candida
Stachytarpheta canescens
Stachytarpheta cassiae
Stachytarpheta cayennensis(藍蝶猿尾木)
Stachytarpheta cearensis
Stachytarpheta coccinea
Stachytarpheta commutata
Stachytarpheta confertifolia
Stachytarpheta crassifolia
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Stachytarpheta dawsonii
Stachytarpheta diamantinensis
Stachytarpheta discolor
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Stachytarpheta elegans
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Stachytarpheta fallax
Stachytarpheta frantzii
Stachytarpheta friedrichsthalii
Stachytarpheta froesii
Stachytarpheta fruticosa
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Stachytarpheta galactea
Stachytarpheta ganevii
Stachytarpheta gesnerioides
Stachytarpheta glabra
Stachytarpheta glandulosa
Stachytarpheta glauca
Stachytarpheta glazioviana
Stachytarpheta grisea
Stachytarpheta guedesii
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Stachytarpheta harleyi
Stachytarpheta hassleri
Stachytarpheta hatschbachii
Stachytarpheta hintonii
Stachytarpheta hirsutissima
Stachytarpheta hispida
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Stachytarpheta indica(印度蛇草、印度假馬鞭)
Stachytarpheta indica 'Blue Porter Weed'
Stachytarpheta integrifolia
Stachytarpheta itambensis
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Stachytarpheta jamaicensis(牙買加長穗木)
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis 'Indica'(印度蛇草、印度假馬鞭)
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis 'Variegata'(灑金長穗木)
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Stachytarpheta kingii
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Stachytarpheta lactea
Stachytarpheta lacunosa
Stachytarpheta laevis
Stachytarpheta lanata
Stachytarpheta linearis
Stachytarpheta longiflora
Stachytarpheta longispicata
Stachytarpheta lopez-palacii
Stachytarpheta luisana
Stachytarpheta lundellae
Stachytarpheta lychnitis
Stachytarpheta lythrophylla
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Stachytarpheta macedoi
Stachytarpheta marginata
Stachytarpheta martiana
Stachytarpheta matogrossensis
Stachytarpheta maximiliani
Stachytarpheta mexiae
Stachytarpheta microphylla
Stachytarpheta miniacea
Stachytarpheta monachinoi
Stachytarpheta mutabilis(紅花長穗木)
Stachytarpheta mutabilis var. mutabilis(原變種 粉花長穗木)
Stachytarpheta mutabilis var. violacea
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Stachytarpheta orubica
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Stachytarpheta pachystachya
Stachytarpheta paraguariensis
Stachytarpheta peruviana
Stachytarpheta petenensis
Stachytarpheta piranii
Stachytarpheta pohliana
Stachytarpheta polyura
Stachytarpheta procumbens
Stachytarpheta puberula
Stachytarpheta pycnodonta
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Stachytarpheta quadrangula
Stachytarpheta quirosana
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Stachytarpheta radlkoferiana
Stachytarpheta restingensis
Stachytarpheta reticulata
Stachytarpheta rhomboidalis
Stachytarpheta rivularis
Stachytarpheta robinsoniana
Stachytarpheta rupestris
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Stachytarpheta sanguinea
Stachytarpheta scaberrima
Stachytarpheta schottiana
Stachytarpheta sellowiana
Stachytarpheta sericea
Stachytarpheta sessilis
Stachytarpheta simplex
Stachytarpheta spathulata
Stachytarpheta speciosa
Stachytarpheta sprucei
Stachytarpheta stannardii
Stachytarpheta steyermarkii
Stachytarpheta straminea
Stachytarpheta strigosa
Stachytarpheta subincisa
Stachytarpheta svensonii
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Stachytarpheta tabascana
Stachytarpheta trimeni
Stachytarpheta trinitensis
Stachytarpheta trispicata
Stachytarpheta tuberculata
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Stachytarpheta urticifolia(長穗木、紫花長穗木)
Stachytarpheta urticifolia 'Variegata'(灑金長穗木)
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Stachytarpheta velutina
Stachytarpheta villosa
Stachytarpheta violacea
Stachytarpheta viscidula
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Stachytarpheta weberbaueri
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Stachytarpheta × abortiva
Stachytarpheta × adulterina
Stachytarpheta × debilis
Stachytarpheta × gracilis
Stachytarpheta × hybrida
Stachytarpheta × intercedens
Stachytarpheta × trimenii
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Stachytarpheta 'Red Compacta'
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