廣葉蘆薈

廣葉蘆薈學名Aloe saponaria (Ait.) Haw. var. latifolia (Haw.) Haw. ex Trel.、Aloe maculata var. latifolia，英文名Soap Aloe、African Aloe，阿福花(獨尾草)科蘆薈亞科蘆薈屬多年生肉質植物，又稱鎧錦、武看錦，原產於南非洲，Aloe saponaria(皁質蘆薈)之變種，肉質植物，植株低矮，呈叢生狀，株高約十至三十公分，莖短，木質，近基生葉(根生葉)，簇生狀，呈蓮座狀排列，螺旋狀，葉箭形，端部銳尖，基部闊形下延，呈抱莖狀，葉緣疏刺齒，有尖刺，葉長約十五至四十公分，葉肥厚多肉，含汁液，葉面綠色，散佈白色斑點，有光澤，無毛，無葉脈或近無葉脈，不明顯，無托葉，無葉柄，兩性花，整齊花，下位花，總狀花序，如穗狀，腋生，呈繖形狀、圓錐狀排列，花莖從葉叢中抽出，花莖單生，細長，長約六十至九十公分，花序部分約二十公分，具短花梗，疏生小苞片，苞片膜質，花彎垂，花被長筒狀、長鐘狀、燭台管狀，長約二十至二十五公釐，花橙紅色，被管長狀，檐部六裂，二輪，上部分離，開花時微外卷，基部連合，雄蕊六枚，與花被片對生，花藥外露，花藥二室，縱裂，花藥丁字著生，背部著生，雌蕊心皮三枚，合生，花柱一至三枚，花柱細長，花柱線形，花柱外露，柱頭三裂，子房上位，子房一至三室，中軸胎座，胚珠多數，蒴果，長橢圓狀或略三角形，熟時室背開裂，種子多數。

蘆薈屬學名Aloe L.，阿福花(獨尾草)科蘆薈亞科蘆薈屬多年生肉質植物，蘆薈又稱盧會、訥會、象膽、奴會、勞偉，原產於非洲，莖短，木質化，基生葉(根生葉)或莖生葉，基生葉叢生，呈蓮座狀排列，莖生葉單葉互生，葉形依品種而異，一般葉卵三角形、卵形、長卵形、劍狀、長披針狀，端部銳形、長尖、漸尖，常刺狀，基部鈍形、闊狀，常下延至短莖上，葉全緣或疏齒，常帶刺或帶小疣，葉大小依品種而不同，肥厚多汁，葉面草綠、綠、翠綠、墨綠、深綠、橄欖綠、灰綠、青綠、粉綠色，一些品種具斑紋或斑點，有些具白粉，葉具汁液，無葉脈或近無葉脈，無托葉，無葉柄或近無葉柄，兩性花，下位花，整齊花，總狀花序，呈穗狀，常圓錐狀排列，花序單一，腋生，從葉叢中之短莖抽出，花莖長，通常長六十至九十公分，其中花序長約十五公分，偶分枝，花多數，頂生於花莖頂，疏離排列，通常彎垂，具花梗，一般長約二十五公釐，疏生小苞片，苞片膜質，花被鐘狀、長鐘狀、長漏斗形、長筒形、燭台管狀，花黃、紅黃、橘、橘黃、橘紅、黃白、白色，常帶深紅、紫色斑點或帶深紅尖，被管長狀，檐部六裂，二輪，上部分離，基部連合，裂片(花瓣)微外卷，雄蕊六枚，與花被對生，花藥外露，花藥二室，丁字著生，背部著生，縱裂，雌蕊心皮三枚，合生，花柱一至三枚，花柱細長，花柱線形，花柱外露，柱頭通常三裂，子房上位，子房一至三室，中軸胎座，胚珠多數，蒴果，三角形、長橢圓狀，長約八公釐，熟時室背開裂，種子多數，依品種而異。

蘆薈屬原屬於百合科，百合科家族過於龐大，其中之蘆薈亞科獨立出來，成為蘆薈科(Aloeaceae)一科，後來以基因親緣性鑑種時又統整至阿福花(獨尾草)科(Asphodeloideae)。

蘆薈(Aloe)屬常見之園藝品種有：
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Aloe aculeata(皮刺蘆薈)
Aloe acutissima(尖刺蘆薈)
Aloe affinis(無斑蘆薈)
Aloe africana(非洲蘆薈)
Aloe alooides(相似蘆薈)
Aloe andongensis(安東蘆薈)
Aloe antandroi(細葉蘆薈)
Aloe arborescens(木立蘆薈)
Aloe arborescens var. natalensis(大蘆薈)
Aloe arborescens 'Variegata'
Aloe arenicola(極樂錦蘆薈)
Aloe aristata(長鬚廬薈)
Aloe aristata var. montata(雜交育成)(波露 波路 珍珠蘆薈 綾錦)
Aloe aristata 'Cosmo'(柯斯莫)
Aloe aristata 'Green Pearl'
Aloe aristata 'Lace Aloe'
Aloe aristata 'Magic'
Aloe aristata 'Variegata'(波露錦 波路錦)
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Aloe bakeri(貝氏蘆薈)
Aloe barberae(大樹蘆薈)
Aloe bainesii(貝恩斯蘆薈)
Aloe bargalensis(巴爾蘆薈)
Aloe bellatula(美麗蘆薈)
Aloe berevoana(貝雷武蘆薈)
Aloe bowiea
Aloe branddraaiensis(布瑞德瑞蘆薈)
Aloe brevifolia(龍山蘆薈 短葉蘆薈)
Aloe brevifolia 'Variegated'
Aloe broomii(獅子錦)
Aloe buhrii(布爾蘆薈)
Aloe bulbillifera(珠芽蘆薈)
Aloe bussei(布塞蘆薈)
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Aloe camperi(羊角掌蘆薈)
Aloe canarina(卡納瑞娜蘆薈)
Aloe capitata(頭狀蘆薈)
Aloe castanea(栗褐蘆薈)
Aloe castillionae
Aloe chabaudii(菊花蘆薈 茶番仙人蘆薈)
Aloe chabaudii 'Orange Burst'
Aloe ciliaris(纖毛蘆薈)
Aloe claviflora(雪女王 棒花蘆薈)
Aloe collenettae
Aloe commutata
Aloe comosa(簇葉蘆薈)
Aloe compressa
Aloe confusa
Aloe conifera(圓錐蘆薈)
Aloe cryptopoda(隱柄蘆薈)
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Aloe dawei(塔影錦蘆薈)
Aloe decaryi(德卡里蘆薈)
Aloe deltoideodonta(三角齒蘆薈)
Aloe descoingsii(狄氏蘆薈 德氏蘆薈 第可蘆薈 迪斯考因斯)
Aloe descoingsii subsp. augustina(迪斯考因斯亞種)
Aloe descoingsii 'Reynokls'
Aloe dewetii(德維特蘆薈)
Aloe dhofarensis
Aloe dichotoma(二歧蘆薈)
Aloe distans(還成樂蘆薈)
Aloe divaricata(多花序蘆薈)
Aloe donnie(唐尼蘆薈)
Aloe dorotheae
Aloe dyeri(內裹錦蘆薈)
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Aloe elegans(優雅蘆薈)
Aloe ellenbeckii(埃倫蘆薈)
Aloe erinacea(黑魔殿)
Aloe erythrophylla(紅葉蘆薈)
Aloe esculenta(食用蘆薈)
Aloe excelsa(高蘆薈)
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Aloe falcata(雪嶺蘆薈)
Aloe ferox(開普蘆薈 好望角蘆薈 青鰐蘆薈)
Aloe fimbrialis
Aloe fleurentinorum(福氏蘆薈)
Aloe forbesii
Aloe fosteri(夏麗錦蘆薈 福斯特蘆薈)
Aloe fragilis(脆蘆薈)
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Aloe gariepensis(醉鬼亭)
Aloe glabrescens(粉綠蘆薈)
Aloe glauca(藍蘆薈)
Aloe globuligemma(球芽蘆薈)
Aloe grandidentata(大恐龍蘆薈)
Aloe greatheadii(大宮人蘆薈)
Aloe greenii(格林蘆薈)
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Aloe harlana(哈蘭蘆薈)
Aloe haworthioides(十二卷狀蘆薈 琉璃姬孔雀)
Aloe haworthioides var. aurantica
Aloe haworthioides var. haworthioides(琉璃姬孔雀 羽生錦 毛蘭)
Aloe hereroensis(青刀錦蘆薈)
Aloe hexapetala(艷麗蘆薈)
Aloe hildebrandtii(黃星錦蘆薈)
Aloe humilis(木立蘆薈 木銼蘆薈 章魚蘆薈 帝王錦)
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Aloe ibitiensis(伊碧提蘆薈)
Aloe imalotensis(伊馬洛特蘆薈)
Aloe irafensis
Aloe isaloensis(伊薩魯蘆薈)
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Aloe jacksonii(傑克遜蘆薈)
Aloe jucunda(俏蘆薈)
Aloe juvenna(翡翠殿)
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Aloe kedongensis(科登蘆薈)
Aloe kilifiensis(基利菲蘆薈)
Aloe krapohliana(神章錦蘆薈)
Aloe krapholiana var. dumoulinii
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Aloe laeta(艷蘆薈)
Aloe littoralis(海濱蘆薈)
Aloe longistyla(長生錦蘆薈)
Aloe lutescens(變黃蘆薈)
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Aloe macra(斜花蘆薈)
Aloe maculata(斑痕蘆薈)
Aloe madecassa(馬德卡薩蘆薈)
Aloe marlothii(鬼切丸蘆薈 鬼切蘆薈)
Aloe massawana
Aloe mcloughlinii
Aloe melanacantha(唐力士 黑刺蘆薈)
Aloe microstigma(水玉錦蘆薈)
Aloe millotii(曲葉蘆薈)
Aloe mitriformis(不夜城蘆薈 不夜城 大翠盤 高尚蘆薈)
Aloe mitriformis 'Variegata'(不夜城錦)
Aloe mitsioana(米齊烏蘆薈)
Aloe morijensis
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Aloe niebuhriana(尼布爾蘆薈)
Aloe nobilis(剛健蘆薈)
Aloe nobilis 'Variegated'
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Aloe officinalis(藥用蘆薈)
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Aloe parvibracteata(條紋蘆薈)
Aloe parvula(琉璃孔雀 女王錦 女王錦蘆薈 小蘆薈)
Aloe pearsonii(皮氏蘆薈)
Aloe peglerae(柏加蘆薈 紅火棒)
Aloe pendens(下垂蘆薈)
Aloe perfoliata(抱莖蘆薈)
Aloe petricola(石生蘆薈)
Aloe perrieri(畢雷蘆薈)
Aloe plicatilis(摺扇蘆薈)
Aloe pluridens(多齒蘆薈)
Aloe polyphylla(多葉蘆薈 螺旋蘆薈 所羅門王碧玉冠 蘆薈女王)
Aloe polyphylla 'Variegata'(多葉蘆薈錦)
Aloe praetermissa
Aloe pratensis(拍拍 拍拍蘆薈 草地蘆薈)
Aloe pretoriensis(白磁杯)
Aloe prinslooi(朧月夜蘆薈)
Aloe pruinosa(霜粉蘆薈)
Aloe pubescens
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Aloe rabaiensis
Aloe ramosissima
Aloe rauhii(白斑蘆薈)
Aloe rebmannii
Aloe reynoldsii(雷諾德蘆薈)
Aloe richardsiae(球莖蘆薈)
Aloe richardsiae var. etosa
Aloe rivierei(里維耶爾蘆薈)
Aloe ruffingiana
Aloe rupestris(石地蘆薈)
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Aloe saponaria(皂蘆薈 皁質蘆薈 草蘆薈 花葉蘆薈 明鱗錦)
Aloe saponaria var. latifolea(廣葉蘆薈 鎧錦 武看錦)
Aloe saponaria 'Variegated'
Aloe saundersiae
Aloe scabrifolia
Aloe schoelleri
Aloe secundiflora(側花蘆薈)
Aloe sinkatana(新卡塔那蘆薈)
Aloe sladeniana
Aloe somalensis(俏美人蘆薈 索馬利亞蘆薈)
Aloe spicata(穗花蘆薈)
Aloe sp. aff. rivieri
Aloe squarrosa(粗齒翡翠殿)
Aloe striata(銀芳錦 綠條蘆薈 線條蘆薈 珊瑚蘆薈)
Aloe striatula(椰子蘆薈)
Aloe succotrina(索科德拉蘆薈)
Aloe suprafoliata(開卷蘆薈)
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Aloe tenuior(青郁錦蘆薈)
Aloe thraskii(沙丘蘆薈)
Aloe tomentosa(白花蘆薈)
Aloe turkanensis(圖爾卡納蘆薈)
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Aloe vacillans(飄搖蘆薈)
Aloe vanbalenii(范巴倫蘆薈)
Aloe vaombe(樹型蘆薈)
Aloe variegata(=Aloe ausana =Aloe punctata)(千代田錦 什錦蘆薈 元江蘆薈 翠花掌)
Aloe vera(美國蘆薈 翠葉蘆薈 吉拉索蘆薈 洋蘆薈 龍角蘆薈 狼牙掌)
Aloe vera L. var. chinesis(唐蘆薈 中國蘆薈 斑紋蘆薈)
Aloe versicolor(異色蘆薈)
Aloe viacanuata(維卡蘆薈)
Aloe viguieri(維格蘆薈)
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Aloe werneri(沃納蘆薈)
Aloe whitcombei
Aloe woolliana
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Aloe zebrina(斑馬蘆薈)
Aloe zubb
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Aloe × delaetii(海虎蘭蘆薈)
Aloe × spinosissima(青鬼城蘆薈)
Aloe bellatula × Aloe millottii
Aloe aristata var. montana × gasteraloe beguinii(波露 波路 珍珠蘆薈)
Aloe descoingsii × Aristata
Aloe descoingsii × Aloe haworthioides 'Aloe pepe'(拍拍)
Aloe descoingsii × Aasteria caespitosa aloe × gasteria 'altman plants'
Aloe descoingsii × karasbergensis
Aloe descoingsii × variegata
Aloe dhofarensis × hybrid
Aloe dorotheae × juvenna
Aloe dorotheae × striata(?) 'Fang'
Aloe dwarf × hybrid
Aloe humilis × hybrid
Aloe humilis × pratensis(拍拍)
Aloe hybrid 'Doran Black' × 'Donnie'
Aloe hybrid 'Doran Black' × 'Snowflake'
Aloe rauhii × Aloe somalensis
Aloe 'Brookside' × hybrids
Aloe 'Jaws II' × humilis
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Aloe 'Angelo'(安吉洛蘆薈)
Aloe 'Arabian Night'
Aloe 'Bakeri'(巴克立)
Aloe 'Bedfords'(貝德福德蘆薈)
Aloe 'Bedford's Beau'
Aloe 'Bella Bella'
Aloe 'Blue Fang'
Aloe 'Blue Moon'
Aloe 'Brass Hat'
Aloe 'Brian Makin'
Aloe 'Bright Ember'
Aloe 'Burnished Bronze'
Aloe 'Carmine'
Aloe 'Carnival'(狂歡節蘆薈)
Aloe 'Cha Cha'
Aloe 'Christmas Carol'(聖誕卡羅蘆薈 聖誕蘆薈)
Aloe 'Creme Cassis'
Aloe 'Dazzler'
Aloe 'Dednam Grand'
Aloe 'Delta Lights'(三角琉璃燈)
Aloe 'Derek Bowdery'
Aloe 'Donnie'(東尼蘆薈)
Aloe 'Donnie Bright Star'
Aloe 'Doran Black'(雪之花蘆薈 雪花蘆薈 多倫黑蘆薈)
Aloe 'Dragon'
Aloe 'DZ'
Aloe 'Firebird'
Aloe 'Fleury'
Aloe 'Franco'
Aloe 'Gargoyle'
Aloe 'Great White'(大白鯊蘆薈)
Aloe 'Green Sand'
Aloe 'Guido'
Aloe 'Hey Babe'
Aloe 'Horacio Ramao'
Aloe 'Imperial Purple'
Aloe 'Indian Game'
Aloe 'Jade Temple'
Aloe 'Jaws II'
Aloe 'Jimmy'
Aloe 'Kelly Blue'
Aloe 'KG 2009/115'
Aloe 'KG 4'
Aloe 'Lizard Lips'(壁虎之唇蘆薈)
Aloe 'Lady Pink'
Aloe 'Lavender Beauty'
Aloe 'Lavender Star'
Aloe 'Lizard Lip'
Aloe 'Lizard Lips'
Aloe 'Lovry Dawn'
Aloe 'Lucertole'
Aloe 'Marco'(馬可蘆薈)
Aloe 'Marmalade'
Aloe 'Medusa'
Aloe 'Midnight'
Aloe 'Milky Way'
Aloe 'Neon Lights'(霓虹燈蘆薈)
Aloe 'Peacock'
Aloe 'Pepe'(拍拍)
Aloe 'Pink Blush'(粉紅胭脂蘆薈)
Aloe 'Pink Lace'
Aloe 'Quicksilver'
Aloe 'Raspberry Ripple'
Aloe 'Red'
Aloe 'Red Edge'
Aloe 'RFG'
Aloe 'Ruby Blaze'(紅寶石之光蘆薈)
Aloe 'Rudikoppe'(小紅帽蘆薈)
Aloe 'Sabra'
Aloe 'Sal
Aloe 'Sean's Red'(肖恩紅蘆薈)
Aloe 'Silver Ridge'
Aloe 'Snow Bunting'
Aloe 'Snow Queen'
Aloe 'Snowflake'(雪花蘆薈)
Aloe 'Sparkling Burgundy'
Aloe 'Strawberry Crumble'
Aloe 'Sunrise'
Aloe 'Viper'(蝰蛇蘆薈)
Aloe 'Vito'
Aloe 'Walmsley's Blue'
Aloe 'White Diamond'
Aloe 'Winter Sky'
Aloe 'Wonderkind'
Aloe 'Wunderkind'
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