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2023年5月18日 星期四

金光菊

金光菊學名Rudbeckia hirta L. Kingdom,英文名Shining Coneflower、Black-eyed Susan、Gloriosa Daisy、Yellow Ox-eye Daisy,菊科金光菊(黃雛菊)屬一、二年生草本植物,又稱黑心菊、黑心金光菊、黑芯金光菊、黑眼菊、黑眼松果菊、裂葉松果菊、烏眼金光菊、黃金菊、黃雛菊、多毛金光菊、千頭菊、地被菊 、黑眼蘇珊 、黑眼睛蘇珊、黑眼睛的蘇珊、黑眼蘇珊花、大返魂花、花椰菜花、紫檀,原產於北美洲,株高約二十五至一百公分,植株叢生狀,於近基部處分枝,全株被粗糙剛毛,時有乳汁,單葉互生,葉闊披針形,端部漸尖、銳尖狀,基部楔狀,下延至莖部,全緣葉,葉褐綠色,羽狀脈,葉脈中肋顯著,於表面凹入而於背面隆起,不具托葉,無葉柄,兩性花、單性花,上位花,整齊花,頭狀花序,頂生,頭花單生,頭花徑四、五公分,花托扁平,托片線形至錐形,總苞圓柱形、鐘形,多層,覆瓦狀排列,外圍舌狀花是雌花,一層,有時呈二、三層(半重瓣狀),花萼筒成鬚狀,花冠舌狀、長圓形,花黃、金黃、黃橙色,有時具棕色環帶,檐部二至四裂,裂片(花瓣)合生,中央筒狀花是兩性花,花萼退化成鬚狀,花冠筒狀,盤心呈圓錐狀突起,花黑褐、暗紫、暗褐色,亦有綠心品種,檐部五裂,裂片(花瓣)合生,雄蕊五枚,著生於花冠筒,花藥二室,縱裂,抱生柱頭,雌蕊心皮二枚,合生,花柱細長,柱頭分叉,子房下位,子房一室,底生胎座,瘦果,細柱狀,具四稜,有光澤,果頂具冠毛。

金光菊(Rudbeckia hirta)常見之園藝品種有:
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Rudbeckia hirta
Rudbeckia hirta var. angustifolia
Rudbeckia hirta var. hirta
Rudbeckia hirta var. pulcherrima
Rudbeckia hirta 'Autumn Colors'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Becky Cinnamon Bicolor'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Becky Mix'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Cappuccino'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Cherokee Sunset'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Chim Chiminee'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Chimine'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Chocolate Orange'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Cordoba'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Denver Daisy'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Goldilocks'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Hot Chocolate'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Indian Summer'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Irish Eyes'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Irish Spring'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Kelvedon Star'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Marmalade'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Maya'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Moreno'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Moroccan Sun'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Plainview Farm'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Prairie Sun'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Radiance'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Rustic Dwarfs'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Rustic Dwarfs Mix'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Sputnik'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Sonora'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Tiger Eye Gold'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Toto'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Toto Lemon'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Toto Rustic'
Rudbeckia hirta 'Twisted Sister'
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