美女櫻

美女櫻學名Verbena venosa Gill et Hook.、Verbena phlogiflora Cham.、Verbena hortensis Hort.、Verbena × hybrida，英文名Rough Verbena、Stiff Verbena、Sandpaper Verbena、Upright Verbena、Tuberous Vervain，馬鞭草科馬鞭草屬多年生草本植物，又稱美人櫻、鋪地馬鞭草，原產於南美洲，宿根性，植株低矮，株高約二十至四十公分，全株被灰色細絨毛，莖直立或匍匐狀，細長，略四方形，橫展生長，粗狀，節間長，具多數分枝，小枝四方形，直立或斜上昇，有柔毛，單葉對生，葉長圓形、長橢圓形、長卵圓形、披針狀三角形，端部漸狹或鈍狀，基部鈍或楔形，葉緣粗鋸齒或不規則齒狀缺刻，葉長約三至八公分，寬約一至五公分，紙質，葉面粗糙，葉表面綠色，有光澤，背面淡綠色，兩面具粗毛與柔毛，羽狀脈，明顯，葉脈中肋於表面略凹下而於背面顯著隆起，側脈每邊三至七條，細脈略明顯，無托葉，葉柄長約二至六公釐，有柔毛，兩性花，穗狀花序，頂生，花序外形略呈長橢圓形，自葉腋伸出，花多數，密集排列，呈繖房狀排列，花序長七至九公分，花序梗長五至十二公分，有毛茸，苞片短卵形至披針形，長約花萼之半，有粗毛茸，花萼細長筒狀、管狀，膜質，長約四、五公釐，先端五齒裂，有毛茸，裂片三角形，先端銳尖，花萼宿存，花冠管形、漏斗狀，長約七至九公釐，開放時徑約九至十一公釐，花色多，有白、 黃、紅、粉紅、橙紅、淡紫、深紫...等，略具香氣，先端五裂，裂片卵狀，裂端常凹入狀，雄蕊四枚，不外露，與花冠裂片互生，二強雄蕊，花絲短，花絲離生，著生於花冠筒上，雌蕊心皮二枚，合生，花柱通常頂生，柱頭單一或兩裂，子房卵形，子房上位，子房四室，中軸胎座，蒴果，堅果狀，分果四枚，宿存花萼包被。

馬鞭草(Verbena)屬常見品種有：
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Verbena alata
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Verbena bipinnatifida(羽裂美女櫻、羽裂美人櫻、裂葉美女櫻、羽葉馬鞭草)
Verbena bonariensis(柳葉馬鞭草、南美馬鞭草)
Verbena bonariensis var. bonariensis
Verbena bonariensis var. conglomerata
Verbena bonariensis var. hispida
Verbena bonariensis var. longibracteata
Verbena bonariensis 'Finesse'
Verbena bonariensis 'Little One'
Verbena bonariensis 'Lollipop'
Verbena bonariensis 'Meteor Shower'
Verbena bracteata(柳葉馬鞭草、南美馬鞭草、長苞馬鞭草)
Verbena brasiliensis(巴西馬鞭草、狹葉馬鞭草)
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Verbena californica
Verbena canadensis(加拿大美女櫻)
Verbena canescens
Verbena carnea
Verbena ciliata
Verbena ciliata var. longidentata
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Verbena demissa
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Verbena glabrata
Verbena glabrata var. hayekii
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Verbena halei
Verbena hastata(藍花馬鞭草)
Verbena hastata var. scabra
Verbena hastata 'Pink Spires'
Verbena hastata 'Rosea'
Verbena hirtella
Verbena hispida
Verbena hortensis(宿根美女櫻)
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Verbena incompta(凌亂馬鞭草)
Verbena intermedia
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Verbena lasiostachys
Verbena litoralis(海濱馬鞭草)
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Verbena macdougalii(麥氏馬鞭草、新墨西哥馬鞭草、穗狀馬鞭草、山邊馬鞭草)
Verbena menthifolia
Verbena montevidensis(馬鞭草)
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Verbena neomexicana
Verbena neomexicana var. hirtella
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Verbena officinalis(馬鞭草、鐵馬鞭、風頸草、龍芽草、美女櫻)
Verbena officinalis subsp. halei
Verbena orcuttiana
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Verbena perennis
Verbena peruviana(豔紅美女櫻)
Verbena phlogiflora(美人櫻)
Verbena pulchella var. gracilior(細裂美女櫻)
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Verbena rigida(糙葉美人櫻、矮生馬鞭草、顯脈馬鞭草)
Verbena rigida 'Polaris'
Verbena rigida 'Santos'(桑託斯)
Verbena rigida 'Touch of Style'
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Verbena scabra
Verbena scabrido-glandulosa
Verbena sedula
Verbena simplex
Verbena speciosa(細裂美女櫻、細葉美女櫻)
Verbena speciosa 'Imagination'
Verbena stricta(絨毛馬鞭草)
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Verbena tenera(細葉美女櫻、裂葉美人櫻、軟馬鞭草)
Verbena trachea
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Verbena urticifolia
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Verbena valerianoides
Verbena villifolia
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Verbena xutha
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Verbena × hybrida(美女櫻、四季繡球、舖地馬鞭草、鋪地錦、草五色梅)
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「美女櫻」之常見雜交與園藝栽培種有：
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Verbena × hybrida(美女櫻、四季繡球、舖地馬鞭草、鋪地錦、草五色梅)
Verbena × hybrida 'Aztec Silver Magic'(淺紫色)
Verbena × hybrida 'Lanai Lavender Star'(紫白雙色)(紫星美女櫻)
Verbena × hybrida 'Peaches & Cream'(粉橙色)
Verbena × hybrida 'Tapien'(天藍裂葉美女櫻)
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Verbena 'Aztec Blue Velvet'(紫紅色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Burgundy'(深紅色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Coral'(粉白色)
Verbena 'Aztec Pink'(玫瑰紅色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Pink Magic'(粉紅色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Purple'(紫色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Raspberry'(紅色)
Verbena 'Aztec Red'(紅色)
Verbena 'Aztec Red Velvet'(紅色、深紅色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Violet'(紫色白心)
Verbena 'Aztec Wild Rose'(粉紅色)
Verbena 'Blues White'(白色)
Verbena 'Blue Princess'(淺藍紫色)
Verbena 'Candy Stripe'(紅白雙色)(彩紋美女櫻)
Verbena 'Donalena Twinkle Purple'(淺紫色)
Verbena 'Homestead Purple'(紫紅色)
Verbena 'Hot Pink'(紫紅色)
Verbena 'Lanai Blue Eyes'(藍紫色白心)
Verbena 'Lanai Blush White'(白色)
Verbena 'Lanai Bright Pink'(洋紅色)
Verbena 'Lanai Lavender Star'(紫白雙色)(紫星美女櫻)
Verbena 'Lanai Magenta'(紅色)
Verbena 'Lanai Peach'(橙色)
Verbena 'Lanai Purple Star'(紫白雙色)(紫星美女櫻)
Verbena 'Lanai Red'(紅色)
Verbena 'Lanai Red Star'(紅白雙色)
Verbena 'Lanai Upright Magenta'(紅色)
Verbena 'Lanai Upright Purple Mosaic'(白花藍斑點)
Verbena 'Lanai Upright Purple with Eye'(深藍色白心)
Verbena 'Lanai White'(白色)
Verbena 'Lascar Black Velvet'(深紫色)
Verbena 'Magalena Carpet Midnight Purple'(藍色)
Verbena 'Mammoth Mix'(混色)
Verbena 'Novalis Deep Blue'(藍色白心)
Verbena 'Obsession Red'(紅色)
Verbena 'Pinwheel Princes'(紫白雙色)(風車公主美女櫻)
Verbena 'Quartz Blue'(藍紫色)
Verbena 'Quartz XP Burgundy Eye'(深紅色白心)
Verbena 'Quartz XP Red Eye'(紅色白心)
Verbena 'Quartz Waterfall Mixed'(混色)
Verbena 'Red Velvet'(紅至暗紅色)
Verbena 'Showboat White'(白色)
Verbena 'Snowflurry'(白色)
Verbena 'Sparkler Red/White'(白花洋紅斑點)
Verbena 'Superbena Blue Purple'(深藍色)
Verbena 'Superbena Burgundy'(紫紅、洋紅色)
Verbena 'Superbena Dark Blue'(藍紫色)
Verbena 'Superbena Royale Chambray'(藍色)
Verbena 'Superbena Royale Iced Cherry'(草莓紅色)
Verbena 'Superbena Royale Peachy Keen'(紅至淺紅色)
Verbena 'Tapien'(紫色)
Verbena 'Tapien Blue Violet'(紫色)
Verbena 'Tapien Pink'(粉紅色)
Verbena 'Tuscany Orchid Frost'(淺紅色)
Verbena 'Tukana Raspberry'(紅色)
Verbena 'Tukana Scarlet'(深紅色)
Verbena 'Tukana Scarlet Star'(紅色)
Verbena 'Twister Pink'(粉紅至粉白)
Verbena 'Voodoo Red Star'(紅白雙色)
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