日本莢蒾

日本莢蒾學名Viburnum japonicum (Thunb.) Sprengel、Viburnum fusiforme Nakai、Viburnum japonicum var. fruticosum Nakai、Cornus japonicum Thunb.，五福花科莢蒾屬多年生常綠灌木或小喬木植物，又稱海島莢蒾、堅莢樹、白山木，原產於日本、中國，株高可達五公尺，具多數分枝，小枝光滑，嫩枝常帶紫色，單葉對生，葉卵形、近圓形、寬倒卵形，端部短尾尖、突銳尖、鈍形，基部寬楔形、楔形至圓形，鋸齒葉緣，葉長七至二十公分，薄革質，葉面濃綠、亮綠色，具光澤，葉背淺綠色或雜以紫色，具腺點，兩面無毛，羽狀脈，側脈五至八對，細脈網狀，葉脈明顯，葉脈平或稍下陷，主脈、側脈、網脈於葉背凸出，托葉微小或無，葉柄長十五至三十公釐，兩性花，週位花，整齊花，複聚繖花序，頂生，花密集，生於小枝頂，枝五、六歧，花密集，花梗短，苞片與小苞片早落，苞片狹長狀，先端銳形，花萼筒形，長一至三公釐，先端五齒裂，萼片三角狀卵形，長二、三公釐，緊貼花瓣，花冠幅形，輻射對稱，花白色，檐部五深裂，裂片(花瓣)長圓形，花盤五角形，雄蕊五枚，著生於花冠筒喉部，與花冠裂片互生，花絲短小，花藥橢圓形，雌蕊心皮三枚，合生，花柱一枚，柱頭極短，子房下位或半下位，子房一室，中軸胎座，胚珠一枚，核果，卵狀、球形，熟時紅色，種子(核)一枚，近三稜形，胚直，胚乳堅實。

莢蒾屬原屬於忍冬科，依APG分類法，將忍冬科內之接骨木屬與莢蒾屬劃入五福花科。

莢蒾(Viburnum)屬常見之品種有：
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Viburnum acerifolium
Viburnum adenophorum
Viburnum amplificatum
Viburnum amplifolium
Viburnum amplifolium(廣葉莢蒾)
Viburnum annamensis
Viburnum arboreum
Viburnum atrocyaneum(藍黑果莢蒾)
Viburnum australe
Viburnum awabuki
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Viburnum beccarii
Viburnum betulifolium(樺葉莢蒾、玉山莢蒾)
Viburnum bitchiuense
Viburnum brachybotryum(短序莢蒾)
Viburnum bracteatum
Viburnum brevipes(短柄莢蒾)
Viburnum brevitubum(短筒莢蒾)
Viburnum buddleifolium(醉魚草狀莢蒾)
Viburnum burejaeticum(修枝莢蒾)
Viburnum burmanicum(滇緬莢蒾)
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Viburnum calvum
Viburnum carlesii
Viburnum cassinoides
Viburnum caudatum
Viburnum chingii(漾濞莢蒾)
Viburnum chinshanense(金佛山莢蒾)
Viburnum chunii(金腺莢蒾)
Viburnum cinnamomifolium(樟葉莢蒾)
Viburnum colebrookeanum
Viburnum congestum(密花莢蒾)
Viburnum coriaceum
Viburnum corylifolium
Viburnum corymbiflorum(傘房莢蒾、繖房莢蒾)
Viburnum costaricanum
Viburnum cotinifolium(黃櫨葉莢蒾)
Viburnum cylindricum(水紅木)
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Viburnum dalzielii(粵贛莢蒾)
Viburnum davidii(川西莢蒾)
Viburnum dilatatum
Viburnum dilatatum(莢蒾)
Viburnum discolor
Viburnum disjunctum
Viburnum divaricatum
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Viburnum edule
Viburnum elatum
Viburnum ellipticum
Viburnum erosum
Viburnum erosum(松田氏莢蒾、宜昌莢蒾，嚙蝕狀莢蒾)
Viburnum erubescens(紅莢蒾)
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Viburnum farreri Stearn
Viburnum farreri(香莢蒾)
Viburnum flavescens
Viburnum foetens
Viburnum foetidum(=Viburnum foetidum var. rectangulatum)
Viburnum furcatum var. melanophyllum(=Viburnum sympodiale)(假繡球、合軸莢蒾)
Viburnum foetidum var. rectangulatum(狹葉莢蒾、臭莢蒾、太平山莢迷、直角莢蒾)
Viburnum fordiae(南方莢蒾)
Viburnum formosanum(台中莢蒾)
Viburnum furcatum
Viburnum furcatum var. melanophyllum(=Viburnum sympodiale)(假繡球、合軸莢蒾)
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Viburnum garrettii
Viburnum glomeratum(聚花莢蒾)
Viburnum grandiflorum(大花莢蒾)
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Viburnum hainanense(海南莢蒾)
Viburnum hanceanum(蝶花莢蒾)
Viburnum hebanthum
Viburnum hengshanicum(衡山莢蒾)
Viburnum henryi(巴東莢蒾)
Viburnum hispidulum
Viburnum hondurense
Viburnum hupehense
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Viburnum ichangense
Viburnum inopinatum(厚絨莢蒾)
Viburnum integrifolium(玉山糯米樹、全葉莢蒾、狹葉糯米樹)
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Viburnum jamesonii
Viburnum japonicum(日本莢蒾)
Viburnum jucundum
Viburnum junghunii
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Viburnum kansuense(甘肅莢蒾)
Viburnum koreanum(朝鮮莢蒾)
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Viburnum lancifolium(披針葉莢蒾)
Viburnum lantana(綿毛莢蒾)
Viburnum lantanoides
Viburnum laterale(側花莢蒾)
Viburnum lautum
Viburnum leiocarpum(光果莢蒾)
Viburnum lentago
Viburnum lepidotulum
Viburnum lobophyllum
Viburnum loeseneri
Viburnum longipedunculatum(長梗莢蒾)
Viburnum longiradiatum(長傘梗莢蒾)
Viburnum lutescens(淡黃莢蒾)
Viburnum luzonicum(=Viburnum formosanum)(呂宋莢蒾)(紅子莢蒾併入)
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Viburnum macrocephalum(繡球莢蒾)
Viburnum maculatum
Viburnum melanocarpum(黑果莢蒾)
Viburnum melanophyllum
Viburnum molinae
Viburnum molle
Viburnum mongolicum(蒙古莢蒾)
Viburnum mortonianum
Viburnum mullaha(西域莢蒾)
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Viburnum nervosum(顯脈莢蒾)
Viburnum nudum
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Viburnum obovatum
Viburnum odoratissimum
Viburnum odoratissimum var. conspersum(=Viburnum arboricolum)(著生珊瑚樹)
Viburnum odoratissimum var. odoratissimum(珊瑚樹)
Viburnum oliganthum(少花莢蒾)
Viburnum omeiense(峨眉莢蒾)
Viburnum opulus(歐洲莢蒾)
Viburnum orientale
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Viburnum parvifolium(=Viburnum yamadai)(小葉莢蒾)
Viburnum phlebotrichum
Viburnum plicatum(粉團莢蒾、粉團)
Viburnum plicatum var. plicatum(原變種)(大手毬)
Viburnum plicatum var. formosanum(台灣蝴蝶戲珠花、台灣蝴蝶花)
Viburnum plicatum(粉團)
Viburnum propinquum(高山莢蒾、球核莢蒾)
Viburnum prunifolium
Viburnum punctatum(鱗斑莢蒾)
Viburnum pyramidatum(錐序莢蒾)
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Viburnum rafinesquianum
Viburnum recognitum
Viburnum rhytidophyllum(皺葉莢蒾)
Viburnum rigidum
Viburnum rufidulum
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Viburnum sambucinum
Viburnum sargentii(天目瓊花)
Viburnum schensianum(陝西莢蒾)
Viburnum sempervirens(常綠莢蒾)
Viburnum setigerum(茶莢蒾)
Viburnum shweliense(瑞麗莢蒾)
Viburnum sieboldii
Viburnum squamulosum(瑤山莢蒾)
Viburnum stellato-tomentosum
Viburnum stenocalyx
Viburnum subalpinum(亞高山莢蒾)
Viburnum subpubescens
Viburnum sulcatum
Viburnum suspensum(=Viburnum taitoense)(長筒莢蒾、台東莢蒾)
Viburnum sympodiale
Viburnum sympodiale(合軸莢蒾)
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Viburnum taitoense(台東莢蒾)
Viburnum taiwanianum
Viburnum tashiroi
Viburnum tengyuehense(騰越莢蒾)
Viburnum ternatum(三葉莢蒾)
Viburnum tinus
Viburnum toronis
Viburnum trabeculosum(橫脈莢蒾)
Viburnum treleasei
Viburnum tridentatum
Viburnum trilobum
Viburnum triphyllum
Viburnum triplinerve(三脈葉莢蒾)
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Viburnum urceolatum
Viburnum urceolatum(壺花莢蒾、台灣高山莢蒾)
Viburnum utile(煙管莢蒾)
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Viburnum veitchii
Viburnum venosum
Viburnum vernicosum
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Viburnum wrightii(浙皖莢蒾)
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Viburnum yunnanense(雲南莢蒾)
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